History of Community Medicine

MUG UP & VOMIT

IMPORTANT FOR NEET & DNB

John Snow

• Father of  Modern Epidemiology
• Cholera : Mode Of Transmission
• “Shoe leather epidemiology” : house to house survey
• Spot map study
• Discovery was a natural experiment

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Edward Jenner

• Small Pox vaccine (1st vaccine)
• Term vaccination
• Term vaccine: Louis Pasteur

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Albert Bruce Sabin

• OPV
• JE vaccine

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Robert Koch

• Koch’s postulates
• TB bacillus
• Detail in Microbiology

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Hansen

• Discovery of the Mycobacterium leprae
• First identification of bacteria as the causative agent of a human disease

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James Lind

• Scurvy Trial (Citrus fruits prevent scurvy)
• 1st ever clinical trial

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Ronald Ross

• Ronald Ross- Life cycle of plasmodium  within anopheles
• Noble Prize

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Charles Alphonso Laveran

• Nobel prize
• Cause of malaria is a protozoan (discovered malaria parasite)
• First time that protozoa were shown to be a cause of disease
• Also studied trypanosomes(sleeping sickness)

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Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis

• Puerperial Sepsis
• Hand Washing

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Joseph William Bhore: Bhore Committee 

Edwin Chadwick

• Enactment of public health act, 1848 in London
• 1st ever act to deal with sanitation
• 
  

Chinese Medicine

• Pioneer of immunization
• Bare foot doctors
• Acupuncture
• 1st organized system of medicine

Some Important Theories

Important Fathers in Medical History

First countries

Location of important Institutes

Ministries related to public health

Ministries Related to Public Health

GPS- GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM

Where we are????

What is GPS?

·         GPS is satellite based navigation system made up of a network of 24-satellites placed into orbit by U.S.  Department Of Defense.

·         Main Task: - Navigation.

·         Position: - Network of 24-satellites.

HISTORY

·         First GPS satellite was called GPS block-I launched in 1978.

·         Basic purpose was for defense.

·         System of 24-satellites was achieved in 1994.

GPS SEGMENTS

WORKING OF GPS

GPS RECEIVER

ACCURACY

• The GPS receivers are extremely accurate due to its multi-channel design.

•  Its time signals are too much accurate.

•  There is a difference of around 15 meters from the object.

ADVANTAGES

·         GIS conversion is simple.

·         Data collection costs are lower.

·         Feature visual inspection is possible while gathering data.

·         Data gathering is possible 24-hours any time and anywhere.  

·         Unaffected by weather.

DISADVANTAGES

• Requires training and retraining as technology changes.
• Buildings can block satellite signals.
• Heavy foliage and thick branched trees can attenuate and/or block satellite signals
• Requires careful attention to system.

APPLICATIONS OF GPS

• DEFERENCE

• GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

•  AUTOMOBILES

DEFERENCE

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

AUTOMOBILES

CURRENT RESEARCH & FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS

• Earthquake monitoring
• GPS management & technological innovations will make GPS surveying easier & accurate
• GPS is poised to become most revolutionary positioning technique of new century
• Soon use it like cell-phone.

ડર પ્રકાર || List of Phobias || Phobia types

These are the common phobias. Know your phobia type. - સામાન્ય વિવિધ ડરો અને ડર પ્રકાર - भय का प्रकार 恐懼症的類型 - Type de phobie - Tipo de fobia =============================================== Please share this video. Please subscribe for more videos. Ask your questions to Dr. AP. He will share the Secrets of success.

PASS ANY EXAM | HOW TO CRACK POST GRADUATES EXAM

If you are planning to go for PG Entrance Exam or any other Exams.This video will teach you - HOW TO CRACK POST GRADUATES EXAM. - КАК ДЕРЖАТЬ ПОСЛЕ ВЫПУСКНИКОВ ЭКЗАМЕНА. - WIE ZURÜCK POST GRADUATES EXAM. - किस तरह पोस्ट ग्रैजुएट्स परीक्षा उत्तीर्ण कैसे करें. - પોસ્ટ ગ્રેજ્યુએટ પરીક્ષા કેવી રીતે પાસ કરવી. #drap #pgexam #crackexam #passexam #neetpg #mdexam This video also helpful for any exam preparation. Please share this video Please subscribe for more videos. Ask your questions to Dr. AP. He will share the Secrets of success.

Business Ideas With Low Investment High Profit

Lace Making | Small Invest Manufacturing

Designer lace making is a tradition business. And any individual can start the business as a home based with comparatively low startup capital. Lace is a craft material that used in textile or garment designing. In early days lace actually crafted by needles by hand. Nowadays, hand made lace making is replaced by machine made lace making. Now there several machinery are available to make lace through machines. The increasing demand of fashion garment has increased the demand for designer lace.

Apart from the domestic market, there is an export potential also for designer lace. Any individual can initiate lace making business with a small infrastructure. In addition, it is the one of the best opportunities for women and housewives also. However, you must have knowledge about the thread and pattern.

Designer Lace Making Machine & Raw Material

You can establish designer lace making business by two ways. One is by simply installing bobbing machine and another one is by installing fully computerized automatic lace making machine. By computerized automatic machine, you can get the different variety of product with desired quantity output.

Manual Machines For Designer Lace Making

Different spindle and bobbing machines are also available. According to your requirement, you will need to select the right machinery. These machines offer.

• A variety of roller patterns.
• Straight or curvilinear edge cutting and edge treatment for melting,so smooth, no rough edges.
• Two or more layers of fabric stitched together without thread replacing the sewing needles, good welding strength.
• Cut out the various patterns of holes, and treatment of side melting.
• Single or more cutting of the material at the same time, and treatment of side melting without burr.
• Simultaneous cutting, sealing and embossing to make production in one time.

Fully Automatic Designer Lace Making

In fully automatic designer lace making you will find these features and allied accessories:

• The Tracing Cording Device is a special device for various Cording embroidery from thin to thick. Any kinds of pattern are possible to be made by this device
• Laser Cutting Device, High precision, fast cutting, smooth cut-edge, long lifetime, widely used in lace making.
• Single Sequin Device: Single sequin device available size is 3-9mm, create fantastic sequin work add extra value to embroidery machine, exceptional precision, and high productivity
• Dual Sequin Device: Dual sequin device available size is 3-9 mm, create special sequin effect such as two size overlap, alternation sequin embroidery, etc.
• Boring Device, to make a hole on fabric, create delicate and intricate hollowed-out effects on the border.
• Safety Sensor Device, Prevent the hurt from machine, the operator will be more safety

The major supplies are threads, yarn, and different needles. Designer lace making is completely a customized setup. You will need to determine everything according to the specific product you want to produce. In starting designer lace making business you will also need to pay attention to packaging and storage.

Designer Lace Making Business Registration

In initiating designer lace making business, you will first need to register your business. As small scale manufacturing unit you may register your business as One Person Company or LLP. Apply for Trade License from the local authority. Obtain Sales Tax Registration. You will need to have a Current Bank Account for the daily transaction. As your business grows you will need to hire manpower. At that time, you need to obtain EPF and ESI registration.

Thanks for your interest. 

Keep reading and share with your friends.

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Funny video ever. Cool dance by boys. 

Watch till end you can't stop laughing.

Must watch

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Thanksgiving Day - Black Friday

Fourth Thursday in November. It is a federal holiday.

It is a major holiday and technically the longest paid vacation most people get. Many companies give the Friday after Thanksgiving off. If not, most employees will take a day of vacation that Friday. When you combine that with the weekend, it is four days off. Schools are generally closed during those days.

People typically reunite with their families during holiday. Thanksgiving dinner is a large production. Dinner primarily consists of turkey with stuffing, corn, cranberry sauce, sweet potatoes, and pumpkin pie.

Thanksgiving celebration started when the Pilgrims (early settlers) to Massachusetts survived the harsh winter in 1621 with the help of Native Americans (called Indians) who helped them learn how to catch eel and grow corn.

Most stores and businesses are closed on #Thanksgiving Day. However, the day after Thanksgiving is called Black Friday, during which the biggest sales of the year occur. It is also the official start of the Christmas shopping season.

Career Opportunities After 12th

Today a lot of students, students which  in school and their parents are faced with a very confusing proposition of choosing a course or career. This confusions gets compounded by the fact that there are a number of lucrative options are there in front of the students.

Moreover the influence of media, parents and peers create an unnecessary pressure in the mind of the young students. All these factors create a need for expert external help. so here this video will assist you how to plan your career after 12th  in relevant subjects and set your career goal. 

Career Planning

Career planning is a deliberate process of knowing who you are so that you can be sure of WHERE you want to go or WHAT you want to be at some defined point in the future.

Career Planning Process

Importance of Career Planning

Stages in Career Decision Making

Some Important Career Options

The area of education your option for graduation is the first way in towards your career, so whatever  course you select, it should be in accordance to your interest and passion. 

To lead you through the complicated path, here are some excellent points about each course available for graduation.

Engineering Course After 12th

This is the one of the vastest field involving the terms like design, maintain, invent, process, build, material, improve system, devise and machine. It includes the deep knowledge of all above topics. There are many popular streams in Engineering.

Management Courses After 12th

This is one among the highly job oriented field,  which involves the responsibilities maintaining the organization's day to day reports,  monitoring the overall expense of organization and responsible for implementing new products and activities that can attract investors and clients. This is really a challenging field.  

Medical Courses After 12th

This is one of the most rewarding career opportunities for students who have completed 12th with Physics,  chemistry and Biology. Students can assume medical domain as an evergreen career domain owning a long list of opportunities As the demand of qualified and skilled doctors are increasing day by day.

Arts & Humanities Courses After 12th

These are assumed as the greatest career opportunity for youngsters and hold several domains starting from photography to interior design, If students are passionate about this field then this is going to give their a career growth they've expected ever. There are several courses available in the domain. 

Commerce Courses After 12th

This is the most demanding course by 12th students. The course mainly includes with the subjects such as exchange of goods, money exchange, services between the companies and Business development.

Science Courses After 12th

The candidates who enrolled in the science field in 12th are eligible to take a professional course discipline.  Also, the professional courses that are admitting students purely on the basis of 12th science subjects score having comparatively higher job scopes than the professional courses in the other disciplines. 

Other Courses After 12th

Apart from these students have options for certificate or diploma courses in various fields of engineering, film, ITI, Sports, art and many more professional courses.

 Thank You for reading.